The error “Support for password authentication was removed on August 13, 2021” occurs because GitHub has removed support for password authentication. In July 2020, they announced their intent to require users to use token-based-authentication.
To solve the error, create a personal access token and use it instead of a password when authenticating with GitHub (over HTTPS, or to authenticate to the API over Basic Authentication).
Optional, but recommended steps

Step 1: Go to https://github.com/
Step 2: Go in the upper-right corner of your page > click profile photo > click Settings

Step 3: In the left sidebar, click <> Developer Settings

Step 4: In the left sidebar, under Personal access tokens, click Tokens (classic)

Step 5: Click Generate new token > Generate new token (classic)

Step 6: Add a Note name, set an Expiration period, and check the scopes you want to grant the corresponding access to the generated access token (e.g. to access repositories from CLI, select repo).
Note: a token with no assigned scopes can only access public information.
Step 7: Finally click Generate Token

Make sure to copy the token as you will need it for further actions.
Once you have the token, you can enter it instead of your password when performing Git operations over HTTPS.
Feel free to cache the token with a Git client, to avoid manually entering it for every HTTPS git operation.
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